debt collection in Thailand

Debt Recovery in Thailand: Demand Letters and Enforcement

Debt Recovery in Thailand Demand Letter Guide

Need help recovering unpaid debts in Thailand? It all starts with issuing a professionally drafted demand letter, a legal tool that saves time, preserves evidence, and often avoids going to court.

The Debt Recovery Process at a Glance

  1. Legal Demand Letter – A formal notice requiring repayment, often the first legal step.
  2. Civil Lawsuit – Filing in Thai court if the debtor ignores the demand letter.
  3. Judgment Enforcement – Asset seizure, wage garnishment, or bank account freezing with a court order.


1. Demand Letter: Your First Step in Recovery

A demand letter is often the most effective, efficient, and budget-friendly approach to recovering debts in Thailand.

Why it works:

  • Legal weight: A letter from a lawyer shows you are serious.
  • Evidence: It creates a record of your efforts before court action.
  • Court expectation: Judges look favorably on creditors who try to resolve disputes amicably.
  • Pressure to settle: Many debtors respond to avoid escalation.


At Lex Bangkok, our demand letters include:

  • Clear statement of the debt amount and legal basis
  • Reference to loan agreement and Thai law
  • Payment deadline (usually 7–15 days)
  • Warning of legal consequences if ignored
  • Sent via registered delivery or legal courier


2. Filing a Civil Lawsuit

If the debtor fails to pay after receiving demand letters, the next step is filing a civil claim in court.

What happens next:

  • File claim with contract, demand letters, and supporting evidence
  • Court sets hearings, allows defenses, and issues judgment
  • Timeline can take several months

Legal basis: The Thai Civil Procedure Code requires sufficient documentation and clear evidence.


3. Judgment Enforcement

If the debtor still refuses to pay after a judgment, options include:

  • Seizure of assets (vehicles, property)
  • Garnishment of salaries or income
  • Freezing bank accounts


Key timeframes:

  • Loan claims: 10-year prescription (Civil and Commercial Code, Section 193/30)
  • Judgment enforcement: Must start within 10 years of enforceability (Civil Procedure Code, Section 274)


Bonus Consideration: Secured Loans

For loans secured by collateral (e.g., mortgages), Thai law requires a pre-action written notice, often 60 days, before enforcement is possible.

Why Clients Choose Lex Bangkok

Benefit How We Deliver It
Clarity and Confidence Demand letters in Thai and English
Legal Authority Formal notices with strong legal weight
Strategic Guidance Step-by-step support from demand to enforcement
Higher Success Rate Court-ready evidence increases enforcement power


When to Use a Demand Letter

  • Unpaid invoices or services
  • Breach of contract or missed installments
  • Personal loans or rental disputes
  • Bounced cheques or fraud-related debt claims


Contact Lex Bangkok
Phone: (+66) 62 161 4646
Email: info@lexbangkok.com